In 2000, a book was published, Nonzero, The Logic of Human Destiny, by Robin Wright, which argues that even Evolution is not a zerosum game.

The epigraph of this book is a quotation from Charles Darwin:

"As man advances in civilization, and small tribes are united into larger communities, the simplest reason would tell each individual that he ought extend his simple instincts and sympathies to all members of the same nation, though personally unknown to him. This point being once reached, there is only an artificial barrier to prevent his sympathies from extending to the men of all nations and races."