Years ago, the late great statistician, C. Edwards Deming (1900-93), used well-planned SAMPLING to estimate the current U.S. population so well that some said we didn't need a CENUS, but of course our Constitution requires it. Deming's work has been ignored in recent years.

16. Many immigrant people are afraid to answer Census questions, so avoid the Census takers. This means that some Congressional districts are under-reported, leading to their under-representation. Many have attempted to correct for this by statistical sampling of the sort descirbed above in Answer 11. But others, who seek political advantage in this misrepresentation, have prevented this, to the general detriment of our People. (ASTRATEGEM)

After WWII, many feared that Greek Communists would fake returns in the Greek National Election and take over the Government. In 1946C. Edwards Deming was asked by United Nation leaders to take a sample of political opinions before the Greek election. His results -- unfavorable to the Greek Communists -- were respected by so many, that the possible interference did not take place. This statistical tool could have been used in many ways since that time, but has been ignored. (ASTRATEGEM)

Deming became adviser to Japanese business executives and is credited with contributing yo the great Japanese expansion of the 70's and 80's. The Deming Prize is the most honored award that can be given to a Japnese business executive.